Twelfth Century
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Twelfth Century
- 1100
Beginning of formation of the clans.
- 1120
Alexander II founds St. Giles Cathedral.
- 1124
David I takes the Scottish throne. Period of strong ties with England begins.
- 1128
David I founds Holyrood Abbey.
- 1130
Edinburgh becomes a burgh.
- 1153
David dies at Carlisle. The new king is Malcolm IV.
- 1156
Somerled wins a naval victory against the ruling Norsemen off Islay.
- 1157
Henry II of England reclaims Northumberland and Cumberland.
- 1158
Malcolm goes to France to fight for Henry.
- 1164
Somerled dies. His land is broken up between his three sons.
- 1165
William I "The Lion" takes the Scottish throne.
- 1174
William forced by the Treaty of Falaise to accept Henry II's overlordship of Scotland.
- 1178
William founds Arbroath Abbey.
- 1189
He buys back Scottish sovereignty from Richard the Lionheart at the so-called Quitclaim of Canterbury.
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